Risk factors prevention and treatment of Male breast cancer

It is not known for certain what causes the cells in the breast to become cancerous. However, a number of risk factors for male breast cancer have been identified:

OESTROGEN LEVEL

About 85% of breast cancers in men have oestrogen receptors on their cell membranes. Oestrogen receptors on the cell membranes allow oestrogen molecules to bind to the cancer cells. Oestrogen binding to
the cancer cells stimulates cell growth and multiplication.

KLINEFELTER'S SYNDROME

Klinefelter's syndrome is where baby boys are born with much higher levels of estrogen than normal. Klinefelter's syndrome is a major risk factor for male breast cancer because men with the condition are 20
times more likely to develop male breast cancer than the male population at large.

GENETIC FACTOR

A number of mutated genes have been linked to an increase risk of male breast cancer. For example, a mutation known as the BRAC2 mutation has been found in an estimated 5% of men with male breast cancer.

FAMILY HISTORY

There is also evidence that male breast cancer can run in families, as 1 in 5 men who develop breast cancer, have a first-degree male relative, such as a father, or brother, who also has a history of breast cancer.

                            PREVENTION OF MALE BREAST CANCER

There are no particular preventive methods for breast cancer, but there are some things a man can do to lower his risk of developing breast cancer. Things like maintaining a very good diet system, maintaining an ideal body weight, reducing alcohol consumption, exercising regularly, good hygiene, etc.

For more on prevention of male breast cancer, read Cancer-causing foods which you should move away from.

                            TREATMENT OF MALE BREAST CANCER.

Various treatment methods have been developed over the years and have been found to be effective in the treatment of breast cancer.

Surgical procedure is carried out to remove the tumor and surrounding breast tissue. Another method is the Radiation therapy which involves the use of high-energy beams, such as X-rays, to kill the cancer cells. Chemotherapy, which involves the use of drugs to kill cancer cells have also proven to a great extent its effectiveness. Hormone therapy often involves the medication tamoxifen, which is also used in women.

Other methods such as engaging in creative activities, gentle exercises quiet meditation, relaxation, and also prayer have been found to also be effective to an extent in fighting cancer.

For more on treatment, read some very important cancer-fighting foods.

In this campaign, together, we'll win.

Reference:

MNT
MAYOCLINIC

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Bladder And Kidney Cancer Signals

By Nancy Gardner

Your health is supposed to be on top of your priority list. So, grab this chance to look out for yourself for once in your life. If you would pay attention to these symptoms, then they can help you prevent things from getting worse. When that happens, then you shall be thankful for a lot of things in the future.

To begin with, be sure that your urine is clear every time you go to the rest room. This can be a possible sign for bladder and kidney cancer. Thus, get a sample of your urine on that day and go to your resident doctor as soon as you can. Leave the judgment to the person who will know what he is about to do to your sample.

Watch out for any sign of pain in your back. As they say, cancer is a silent killer. This is the reason why you have to be alert for the slightest signs such as this one. When that happens, then being cured will not be a far away dream. You shall have a long life ahead of you and that is all that matters at this point.

You should be alarmed when there is a lump in your abdomen. Take note that this is out of the ordinary. Thus, this will be the best time for you to talk to the doctor whom you trust. When that happens, then your issues will be solved and that can contribute to your peace of mind in the coming years.

Check your blood count on a monthly basis. If you do not have any history of having anemia, then having one right now is enough reason for you to be alarmed. Remember that big things always come from small ones and this principle ought to guide you for you not to take anything for granted as of the moment.

Fatigue is something you must be careful about as well. Be reminded that your body will only react to what is going on internally. Thus, consider that as a sign for you to act on your feet. When that occurs, then your health will be in the same perfect condition once again and this is what is required from you.

Make sure that you are not losing any weight all of a sudden. This may be everything that you have ever wanted but then, this is not the healthy way to do it. Again, a complete check up is necessity and you also have to tell your doctor about your suspicions. It does not matter if you will be viewed as a lunatic or not.

A fever is a cause for alarm too. So, use this detail to point you towards the right direction. When that happens, then all is well on your part.

Overall, you just have to be more conscious of what is going on with your body. Drop everything as soon as one of the things above suddenly happen. Do not waste any of your time in the field.

About the Author:

You can get a complete overview of the benefits you get when you consult a bladder and kidney cancer treatment professional at http://smart-surgery.com right now.

Skin Cancer Anxiety Fear Vigilance and All or Nothing Thinking

About 10 years ago, I noticed a small bump at the top of my ear, under the helix, and I'd fool with it, and it would bleed and then scab over. With my selective OCD hypervision, since the bump was hidden from my sight, I went at least 6 months before I started to worry about it. I did acrobatics with a mirror, but couldn't get a good view. I'd had several moles removed over the years, none of which were malignant, and I felt ashamed of my vigilance, and sad about the little white scars. But it was bleeding and never completely healed, and this was unusual. This was one of those things on a public health warning poster.

After a deluge of anxiety and indecision, I made an appointment. I'd seen this doctor several times before for anxiety symptoms--a gland I thought was swollen, a bladder infection that turned out not to be one, and had asked for a referral to a psychologist. I will credit him with telling me I'd done the right thing in coming to have him check it out, but then he said, "I don't know what it is, but it's benign. Maybe it's an infection." He put a dab of antibiotic ointment on it, told me not to traumatize it, and said if it changes, come back in.

This only stoked my anxiety, and my OCD need for certainty. To be told "I don't know what it is, but it's fine" was enough to cause a firestorm of fear. I felt too ashamed of my anxiety history to assert myself and say, "It's bleeding. I'm not gouging it, it just bleeds at the slightest provocation. I've had it for over a year." I may have mentioned some of these things, but I don't remember doing so. I decided after much angst to get a 2nd opinion from a dermatologist, but I never went. In the interim 3 months until I could get an appointment, I found a therapist, and my anxiety level went down, and I assumed that it was my anxiety causing me to second guess my family doctor, and rather than risk more humiliation, I canceled my appointment.

For the next 5 years, I kept checking the bump. It didn't change or get bigger. It just kept bleeding and scabbing. I'd go as long as I could without touching it at all, and feel sinking disappointment when it was still there. Finally, I decided that I wanted a second opinion, that it was ok to want this, in spite of my health anxiety history. I'd done massive research, reassured myself that I had very few risk factors. I was young, stayed out of the sun, and the bump wasn't exposed to the sun anyway, hidden in the curve of my ear, but I realized that my research couldn't diagnose it, and the research was sucking up my time.

I went to dermatologist who said, "I don't know what this is. But it's kind of odd and I'm going to biopsy it." A couple days later she called me to say it was Stage 1 Squamous Cell Skin Cancer, and that I needed to have it surgically removed with Moh's microsurgery. She was truly surprised that it was cancer. It's an odd location, and I have very little sun damage. Every follow up appointment she tells me what a freak occurrence this was.

My OCD was all over this in a flash. "See I saved your ear! You have me to thank. Keep obsessing. Don't let up." But after careful thought, I know that it wasn't my obsessing that protected me. My all-or-nothing thinking, common in OCD, said "I must always be right about my diagnosis before I go to the doctor or I am defective. Just keep researching."

It was my struggles with OCD in the past that made me second-guess my decision to get a second opinion. I felt I wasn't reliable, that in fact I was crazy. Part of being human though, is not knowing exactly what is happening in your body, and guessing wrong. And doctors, being human, sometimes assume that anxious patients don't actually have anything wrong with them, even when they do, and there is research that family doctors aren't necessarily good at identifying non-Melanoma skin cancers. I haven't researched my ear lately. The health anxiety kicks up every so often and insists I need to research, but research wouldn't have saved my ear. That is an illusion.

Aspects Taken Into Account During Prostate Cancer Staging

By Nancy Gardner

Staging of cancer is meant to help the medical practitioner to tell how far it has spread. You will have to go through a series of scans and tests to determine the extent of the pathology. From the results, effective treatment plans can then be put into action. Prostate cancer staging is therefore very important.

The TNM staging system is the commonly accepted technique of staging prostate cancer. It assesses metastases, lymph nodes and tumor separately. T staging comes first. In tumor stage 1, the malignancy cells are so insignificant such that they cannot be picked up by scans or the normal laboratory tests. A needle biopsy has to be done for confirmation purposes.

Stage two in the tumor classification system is divided into three. T2a means half of the prostate gland is affected while in T2b the area affected exceed half. In T3c, the whole of the gland has been invaded by the cancerous cells. In tumor stage 3, the capsule has been broken into by the cancerous cells. This stage also has been subdivided into T3a where the capsule is the only other place which has been affected besides the prostate gland and in T3b, seminal vesicles have been invaded by the cancerous cells.

The final stage in tumor classification is T4 stage in which the tumor is found in various body organs. The nearby organs are mostly affected including the rectum, muscles, bladder and the pelvic cavity sides. The fourth and third stages are the most difficult to manage.

Lymph nodes are said to be positive if they have been invaded by cancer cells. They will increase in size during this time. In stage NX, the lymph lodes have not been affected. In N0, the lymph node close to the prostate gland have no cancer cells but in N1 stage, the lymph nodes close to the gland have been affected

In metastasis staging, the first one is Mo where the malignancy has not spread out of pelvis. In M1, the malignancy has reached outside the pelvis. This stage has three subdivisions. In M1a, the cancerous cells have not affected the lymph nodes which are not in the pelvis while in M1b, the malignancy has spread to the bone. Last come M1c in which the cancer has spread to the rest of body organs. There are different things which have to be put into consideration when staging the cancer. Mostly, it is the invasiveness of the disease and its aggressiveness.

Locally advanced type of prostate cancer extends just to the capsule of this gland but the metastasizing type spreads to many of body organs. Mainly, the victims of this spread are the bones and lymph nodes. This is why early detection is stressed to prevent such complications.

To note is that it is possible for the malignancy to spread even when it not advanced. This is why serious actions should be taken to manage the disease in case scans show that there is some degree of metastasis. The cure rates are high if the treatment is started early.

About the Author:

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Types Signs and Symptoms of Male breast cancer

Male breast cancer, unlike the female breast cancer, is a very rare disease and, comes in different forms. The following are the types of breast cancer are found in men:

INFILTRATING DUCTAL CARCINOMA: Cancer that has spread beyond the cells lining ducts in the breast. Most men with breast cancer have this type of cancer.

DUCTAL CARCINOMA IN SITU: Abnormal cells that are found in the lining of a duct; also called intraductal carcinoma.

INFLAMMATORY BREAST CANCER: A type of cancer in which the breast looks red and swollen and feels warm.

PAGET DISEASE OF THE NIPPLE: A tumor that has grown from ducts beneath the nipple onto the surface of the nipple.

LOBULAR CARCINOMA IN SITU: Abnormal cells found in one of the lobes or sections of the breast, which sometimes occurs in women, has not been seen in men.

                  SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF MALE BREAST CANCER

Male breast cancer have very similar symptoms to that of the female. For your own health safety's sake, it is advisable that you be on the look out for the following signs and symptoms. They may be telling you more than what your brain's scope of knowledge might not. They are:

* A lump felt in the breast

* Nipple pain.

* An inverted nipple.

* Nipple discharge (clear or bloody).

* Sores on the nipple and areola (the small ring of color around the center of the nipple).

* Enlarged lymph nodes under the arm.

It's very important you pay a visit to your doctor or health care provider AS SOON AS you notice these signs growing in you.

It's important to note that enlargement of both breasts (not just on one side) is usually NOT cancer. The medical term for this is gynecomastia. Sometimes the breasts can become quite large. Non-cancer-related enlargement of the breasts can be caused by medications, heavy alcohol use, weight gain, or marijuana use.

Breast cancer kills slowly, it spreads from region to region round the body till it totally destroys every organ it spreads to. It is advised in your best interest, that you do not hide your self. See a doctor today if you've (or once you) notice these signs. Expose this culprit, and save yourself the pain. Don't forget, "WE'RE BUILDING A CANCER-FREE GENERATION", and together, we'll win.

Reference

Breast cancer